If the string is a one-character Palindrome, then it isn't possible to do so since every one-character string is a Palindrome. Then, we can scan the first half of the Palindrome to see if it is all ‘a'. If it is, then we change the last character to ‘b'. Otherwise, we change the first non ‘a' character to ‘a'. The above problem can be recursively defined. Initial Values: i = 0, j = n-1; Given string 'str' CountPS(i, j) // If length of string is 2 then we // check both character are same or not If (j i+1) return stri strj Else If stri.j is PALINDROME // increment count by 1 and check for // rest palindromic substring (i, j-1), (i+1, j) // remove common palindrome substring (i+1, j-1.
STRING AND UNSTRING with examples: TALLYING and COUNT options
String is used to combine two or more strings/variables in to a single string.
Jul 11, 2018 Dynamic Programming Data Structure Algorithms In this algorithm, the input is a string, a partitioning of that string is palindrome partitioning when every substring of the partition is a palindrome. In this algorithm, we have to find the minimum cuts are needed to palindrome partitioning the given string. COBOL - String Handling - String handling statements in COBOL are used to do multiple functional operations on strings. Following are the string handling statements −. Program to check whether the input string is palindrome or not: Sep 20: An Assembly Language Program to check for Palindrome string: Mar 24: Program to check entered string is palindrome or not: Dec 30: Program to check entered string is palindrome or not: Jan 22: Prolog program to check whether a given word is a palindrome or not: Feb 22.
Examples:
If you display the ‘name-in' it shows like ‘ Mahender Reddy G ‘ i.e: it shows the full length of each variable INCLUDING THE SPACES.
So this can be avoided by using the STRING function.
Now NAME-OUT would be ‘mahenderreddyg ‘.
If we want to further modify the output , it can also be done using STRING
Now NAME-OUT would be ‘Mahender Reddy G ‘.
UNSTRING verb is used to unstring/divide the source string into different sub-strings.
If we take the same above example-
NAME-OUT is ‘Mahender Reddy G ‘ and it needs to be divided into first name, last name and initial; it can be done using unstring verb.
Here we have used the delimiter SPACE, but we can use any other delimiter as well.
for ex: if we have a string with name list seperated by commas and we want to exatract each name into an array.
name-in-string is ‘mahender,ramu, robert,phil,Chris', these can be separated as below
More UNSTRING Examples:
Result:
Example 2:05 WW-U4-INPUT PIC X(12) VALUE ‘AA BB CC ‘.
* there are 2 spaces in between BB & CC
Cobol Find String In String
Result:
For the same ABOVE INPUT VALUE, if we change the Unstring value with ‘DELIMITED BY ALL SPACES Instead of ‘delimited by SPACE.
If More than one delimiter is present in between two strings, then ALL should be used.
Result:
Example 3: Result:Note – Count takes Spaces also into consideration.
Example 4: Multiple delimiters by Using OR in UnstringExample 5: Tallying Option
It gives the count of number of receiving fields. If there are 4 fields in INTO clause then the count would be 4.
In this case WW-TL-1 contains a value of 4.
Note: TALLYING SHOULD BE CODED for the last receiving field.
Here in the below example, Delimiter is spaces and I have given only Two receiving fields
What is the value in WW-U2 after execution? Is it BBB or ‘BBB C'
It is BBB only as delimited by works as below
– First it checks the input string for any given delimiter(in our case it is Space). Once it encounters any delimiter, it extracts that portion of string in to the first receiving field.
– As we have one more receiving field, it further checks for next delimiter and once it finds the next one. It stops there and extracts that portion in to the second string.
– This process gets repeated until it has no more receiving fields.
In the above input example, if the requirement is to get only first name and city into output variables. It can be achieved by using POINTER. But in this case TWO unstring statements are required.
One is to get the first name in to the corresponding field and second one is to get the city.
to get the CITY in to a separate field, move the starting position of string in input filed to a counter and use that in Unstring as below
If we code as below, First name gets populated with the CITY.
Note: We can give only one pointer option in one unstring.
For Further Reading>
- COBOL Tutorial
- COBOL Useful Resources
- Selected Reading
String handling statements in COBOL are used to do multiple functional operations on strings. Following are the string handling statements −
- Inspect
- String
- Unstring
Inspect
Inspect verb is used to count or replace the characters in a string. String operations can be performed on alphanumeric, numeric, or alphabetic values. Inspect operations are performed from left to right. The options used for the string operations are as follows −
Tallying
Tallying option is used to count the string characters.
Syntax
Following is the syntax of Tallying option − Gta v mods police.
The parameters used are −
- input-string − The string whose characters are to be counted.
- output-count − Data item to hold the count of characters.
Example
JCL to execute the above COBOL program.
When you compile and execute the above program, it produces the following result −
Replacing
Replacing option is used to replace the string characters.
Syntax
Following is the syntax of Replacing option −
The parameter used is −
input-string − The string whose characters are to be replaced from char1 to char2.
Example Gamemaker studio 2 for mac.
JCL to execute the above COBOL program.
When you compile and execute the above program, it produces the following result −
String
String is used to combine two or more strings/variables in to a single string.
Jul 11, 2018 Dynamic Programming Data Structure Algorithms In this algorithm, the input is a string, a partitioning of that string is palindrome partitioning when every substring of the partition is a palindrome. In this algorithm, we have to find the minimum cuts are needed to palindrome partitioning the given string. COBOL - String Handling - String handling statements in COBOL are used to do multiple functional operations on strings. Following are the string handling statements −. Program to check whether the input string is palindrome or not: Sep 20: An Assembly Language Program to check for Palindrome string: Mar 24: Program to check entered string is palindrome or not: Dec 30: Program to check entered string is palindrome or not: Jan 22: Prolog program to check whether a given word is a palindrome or not: Feb 22.
Examples:
If you display the ‘name-in' it shows like ‘ Mahender Reddy G ‘ i.e: it shows the full length of each variable INCLUDING THE SPACES.
So this can be avoided by using the STRING function.
Now NAME-OUT would be ‘mahenderreddyg ‘.
If we want to further modify the output , it can also be done using STRING
Now NAME-OUT would be ‘Mahender Reddy G ‘.
UNSTRING verb is used to unstring/divide the source string into different sub-strings.
If we take the same above example-
NAME-OUT is ‘Mahender Reddy G ‘ and it needs to be divided into first name, last name and initial; it can be done using unstring verb.
Here we have used the delimiter SPACE, but we can use any other delimiter as well.
for ex: if we have a string with name list seperated by commas and we want to exatract each name into an array.
name-in-string is ‘mahender,ramu, robert,phil,Chris', these can be separated as below
More UNSTRING Examples:
Result:
Example 2:05 WW-U4-INPUT PIC X(12) VALUE ‘AA BB CC ‘.
* there are 2 spaces in between BB & CC
Cobol Find String In String
Result:
For the same ABOVE INPUT VALUE, if we change the Unstring value with ‘DELIMITED BY ALL SPACES Instead of ‘delimited by SPACE.
If More than one delimiter is present in between two strings, then ALL should be used.
Result:
Example 3: Result:Note – Count takes Spaces also into consideration.
Example 4: Multiple delimiters by Using OR in UnstringExample 5: Tallying Option
It gives the count of number of receiving fields. If there are 4 fields in INTO clause then the count would be 4.
In this case WW-TL-1 contains a value of 4.
Note: TALLYING SHOULD BE CODED for the last receiving field.
Here in the below example, Delimiter is spaces and I have given only Two receiving fields
What is the value in WW-U2 after execution? Is it BBB or ‘BBB C'
It is BBB only as delimited by works as below
– First it checks the input string for any given delimiter(in our case it is Space). Once it encounters any delimiter, it extracts that portion of string in to the first receiving field.
– As we have one more receiving field, it further checks for next delimiter and once it finds the next one. It stops there and extracts that portion in to the second string.
– This process gets repeated until it has no more receiving fields.
In the above input example, if the requirement is to get only first name and city into output variables. It can be achieved by using POINTER. But in this case TWO unstring statements are required.
One is to get the first name in to the corresponding field and second one is to get the city.
to get the CITY in to a separate field, move the starting position of string in input filed to a counter and use that in Unstring as below
If we code as below, First name gets populated with the CITY.
Note: We can give only one pointer option in one unstring.
For Further Reading>
- COBOL Tutorial
- COBOL Useful Resources
- Selected Reading
String handling statements in COBOL are used to do multiple functional operations on strings. Following are the string handling statements −
- Inspect
- String
- Unstring
Inspect
Inspect verb is used to count or replace the characters in a string. String operations can be performed on alphanumeric, numeric, or alphabetic values. Inspect operations are performed from left to right. The options used for the string operations are as follows −
Tallying
Tallying option is used to count the string characters.
Syntax
Following is the syntax of Tallying option − Gta v mods police.
The parameters used are −
- input-string − The string whose characters are to be counted.
- output-count − Data item to hold the count of characters.
Example
JCL to execute the above COBOL program.
When you compile and execute the above program, it produces the following result −
Replacing
Replacing option is used to replace the string characters.
Syntax
Following is the syntax of Replacing option −
The parameter used is −
input-string − The string whose characters are to be replaced from char1 to char2.
Example Gamemaker studio 2 for mac.
JCL to execute the above COBOL program.
When you compile and execute the above program, it produces the following result −
String
String verb is used to concatenate the strings. Using STRING statement, two or more strings of characters can be combined to form a longer string. ‘Delimited By' clause is compulsory.
Zayer cnc service manual transmission. Syntax
Following is the syntax of String verb −
Following are the details of the used parameters −
- ws-string1 and ws-string2 : Input strings to be concatenated
- ws-string : Output string
- ws-count : Used to count the length of new concatenated string
- Delimited specifies the end of string
- Pointer and Overflow are optional
Example
JCL to execute the above COBOL program −
Cobol String Contains
When you compile and execute the above program, it produces the following result −
Unstring
Unstring verb is used to split one string into multiple sub-strings. Delimited By clause is compulsory.
Syntax
Following is the syntax of Unstring verb −
Example
JCL to execute the above COBOL program −
When you compile and execute the above program, it produces the following result −
